\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: PPF\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n <style>\n @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap');\n\n .bd-post {\n --prose-width: 720px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-compact: 16px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-bg: #1D1D1D;\n --accent: #EA5514;\n --card-fill: #FFF5F0;\n --card-border: #E8D5CC;\n --accent-text-grade: #A0300A;\n --connector-line: #D0C0B8;\n\n --text-primary: #000000;\n --text-secondary: #54595F;\n --text-accent: #A0300A;\n --text-inverse-primary: #FFFFFF;\n --text-inverse-secondary: #B4B4B4;\n --text-card-primary: #000000;\n --text-card-secondary: #54595F;\n --text-card-accent: #A0300A;\n\n --table-stripe: #F9F9F9;\n --table-border: #D5D5D5;\n --code-bg: #F5F5F5;\n --check-green: #2E7D32;\n --radius-card: 10px;\n --radius-pill: 25px;\n --shadow-card: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);\n --shadow-lift: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.10);\n\n font-family: \"Roboto\", Sans-serif;\n color: var(--text-primary);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n .bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word; color: var(--accent-text-grade); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }\n .bd-post p, .bd-post li { overflow-wrap: break-word; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article { max-width: var(--prose-width); margin: 0 auto; }\n\n \/* Prose *\/\n .bd-post p { margin: 0 0 1em; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 40px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0 0 16px; color: var(--text-primary); }\n .bd-post h2 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 48px 0 16px; color: var(--text-primary); }\n .bd-post h3 { font-weight: 600; font-size: 26px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 32px 0 12px; color: var(--text-primary); }\n .bd-post ul, .bd-post ol { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; }\n .bd-post li { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }\n .bd-post strong { font-weight: 700; }\n\n \/* Tables *\/\n .bd-post .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; margin: 0 0 1em; }\n .bd-post table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post th { background: var(--inverse-bg); color: var(--text-inverse-primary); font-weight: 600; padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; }\n .bd-post td { padding: 12px 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--table-border); }\n .bd-post tr:nth-child(even) td { background: var(--table-stripe); }\n .bd-post blockquote { border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); background: var(--card-fill); padding: 16px 20px; margin: 0 0 1em; font-style: italic; color: var(--text-secondary); }\n .bd-post code { font-family: \"SF Mono\", \"Fira Code\", monospace; background: var(--code-bg); padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post hr { height: 1px; background: var(--table-border); border: none; margin: 48px 0; }\n\n .bd-post [class*=\"bp-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\n \/* BP margins *\/\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-1-compare,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-2-myths,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-3-scenarios,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-5-checklist,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-6-steps { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-4-cta,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-7-cta { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-1: TPU Comparison ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 20px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-card); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-col { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-header { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-icon { width: 22px; height: 22px; flex-shrink: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-label { font-weight: 600; font-size: 17px; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-col:first-child .bp-1-icon { color: var(--accent-text-grade); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-col:first-child .bp-1-label { color: var(--accent-text-grade); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-col:last-child .bp-1-icon { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-col:last-child .bp-1-label { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare .bp-1-desc { font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-card-secondary); line-height: 1.5; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-2: Myth-Busting (low) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 0 var(--radius-card) var(--radius-card) 0; padding: var(--pad-compact); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths .bp-2-header { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths .bp-2-icon { width: 18px; height: 18px; color: var(--accent); flex-shrink: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths .bp-2-title { font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-card-primary); }\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths .bp-2-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths .bp-2-item { font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-card-secondary); line-height: 1.5; padding-left: 26px; position: relative; margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-2-myths .bp-2-item::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 5px; width: 16px; height: 16px; background: currentColor; mask-image: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='currentColor' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'%3E%3Ccircle cx='12' cy='12' r='10'%3E%3C\/circle%3E%3Cline x1='12' y1='16' x2='12' y2='12'%3E%3C\/line%3E%3Cline x1='12' y1='8' x2='12.01' y2='8'%3E%3C\/line%3E%3C\/svg%3E\"); mask-size: contain; -webkit-mask-image: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='currentColor' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'%3E%3Ccircle cx='12' cy='12' r='10'%3E%3C\/circle%3E%3Cline x1='12' y1='16' x2='12' y2='12'%3E%3C\/line%3E%3Cline x1='12' y1='8' x2='12.01' y2='8'%3E%3C\/line%3E%3C\/svg%3E\"); -webkit-mask-size: contain; color: var(--text-card-secondary); }\n\n \/* ===== BP-3: Scenario Quick-Reference ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-card); }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-row { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-icon-wrap { width: 22px; height: 22px; flex-shrink: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-icon-wrap svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-text { font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-card-primary); line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-text strong { color: var(--text-card-accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-divider { height: 1px; background: var(--card-border); margin: 0; border: none; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-4: CTA Mid (horizontal flex) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta { background: var(--inverse-bg); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-4-text { color: var(--text-inverse-primary); font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.5; flex: 1; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; background: var(--accent); color: #FFFFFF; font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px; padding: 10px 24px; border-radius: var(--radius-pill); text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0; transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover { color: #1A1A1A; background: #FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn-icon { width: 18px; height: 18px; flex-shrink: 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-7: CTA End (centered column) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta { background: var(--inverse-bg); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; gap: 12px; }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-icon { width: 28px; height: 28px; color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-title { font-weight: 600; font-size: 24px; color: var(--text-inverse-primary); line-height: 1.2; }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-sub { font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-inverse-secondary); line-height: 1.5; max-width: 520px; }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; background: var(--accent); color: #FFFFFF; font-weight: 500; font-size: 16px; padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: var(--radius-pill); text-decoration: none; transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover { color: #1A1A1A; background: #FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-btn-icon { width: 18px; height: 18px; flex-shrink: 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-5: Supplier Checklist ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 24px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-card); }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-col { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-heading { font-weight: 600; font-size: 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-col:first-child .bp-5-heading { color: var(--check-green); }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-col:last-child .bp-5-heading { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-item { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 8px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-card-primary); line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-icon { width: 18px; height: 18px; flex-shrink: 0; margin-top: 1px; }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-col:first-child .bp-5-icon { color: var(--check-green); }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist .bp-5-col:last-child .bp-5-icon { color: var(--accent); }\n\n \/* ===== BP-6: Procurement Workflow ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 0; box-shadow: var(--shadow-card); }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-item { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 10px; text-align: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-num { width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 100px; background: var(--inverse-bg); color: #FFFFFF; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; flex-shrink: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-label { font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-card-primary); line-height: 1.4; max-width: 120px; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-conn { flex: 0 0 auto; width: 40px; height: 32px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-conn-line { width: 100%; height: 2px; background: var(--connector-line); }\n\n \/* ===== Motion ===== *\/\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent-text-grade); transform: scale(1.02); }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare,\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios,\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist,\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lift); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a:hover { color: var(--accent); }\n }\n\n \/* ===== Mobile ===== *\/\n @media (max-width: 768px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 26px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 24px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 22px; margin-top: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-1-compare { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .bd-post .bp-5-checklist { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-conn { width: 32px; height: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-conn-line { width: 2px; height: 100%; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-item { flex-direction: row; gap: 12px; text-align: left; width: 100%; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-label { max-width: none; font-size: 14px; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta { flex-direction: column; text-align: center; align-items: stretch; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn { justify-content: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-title { font-size: 20px; }\n }\n\n \/* ===== Dark Mode ===== *\/\n @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n .bd-post {\n --body-bg: #1A1A1A;\n --card-fill: #252525;\n --card-border: #3A3A3A;\n --text-primary: #E8E8E8;\n --text-secondary: #999999;\n --text-accent: #EA5514;\n --text-card-primary: #E8E8E8;\n --text-card-secondary: #999999;\n --text-card-accent: #EA5514;\n --table-stripe: #222222;\n --table-border: #333333;\n --code-bg: #2A2A2A;\n --shadow-card: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);\n --shadow-lift: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.30);\n --connector-line: #555555;\n --dm-link: #FF8A5A;\n }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { color: var(--dm-link); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a:hover { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-num { background: #3A3A3A; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-num:first-child { background: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta { border: 1px solid #3A3A3A; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover { color: #FFFFFF; background: var(--accent); box-shadow: none; }\n .bd-post th { border: 1px solid #3A3A3A; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-text strong { color: var(--accent); }\n }\n <\/style>\n <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n <h1><\/h1>\n\n <p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 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PPF \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 3\u20134 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 1 \u06483 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u2014 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u2014 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <em>\u0648<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 (PPF) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 6 \u06488 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 <em>\u0648<\/em> \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647.<\/p>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 (PPF) \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 (\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 (PPF) \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 (PPF) \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u00ab\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"bd-reveal\" style=\"margin: 48px 0; border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: var(--radius-card); overflow: hidden; background: var(--card-fill);\">\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2026\u5e747\u67082\u65e5-16_16_50.webp\" alt=\"\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \" style=\"width: 100%; display: block;\">\n \n<\/figure>\n <p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 TPU: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/h3>\n <p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 PPF \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u2014 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a (TPU)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a HDI \u0623\u0648 H\u2081\u2082MDI\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a (TPU)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 MDI (\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0646 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 1\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a (TPU) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 QUV (ASTM G154)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-1-compare bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-col\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-header\">\n <svg class=\"bp-1-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M12 22s8-4 8-10V5l-8-3-8 3v7c0 6 8 10 8 10z\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-1-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643 TPU<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 QUV (ASTM G154). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-col\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-header\">\n <svg class=\"bp-1-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3Z\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"13\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"17\" x2=\"12.01\" y2=\"17\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-1-label\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 1\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631-\u0628\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 TPH (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 3 \u06485 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 PVC \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1 \u06483 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n <p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c TPU \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a Lubrizol (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648BASF (\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0648Arkema (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627). \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM G154 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642: \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a<\/h3>\n <p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (PSA) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 (0.3\u20130.6 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM D3330)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n <p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c 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\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h3>\n <p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u00bb \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a PPF \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u00bb: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 QUV \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n <p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\"\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 9H \u2014 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643.\"<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 9H \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 (ASTM D3363). \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 9H \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 9 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642). \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\"\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.\"<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 SiO\u2082 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 80% \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631) \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 SiO\u2082 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u064820%) \u0641\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 SiO\u2082 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0634.\"<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634\u00bb \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-2-myths bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-2-header\">\n <svg class=\"bp-2-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"16\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"12\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"8\" x2=\"12.01\" y2=\"8\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-2-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"bp-2-list\">\n <li class=\"bp-2-item\">9H = \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0634\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n <li class=\"bp-2-item\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n <li class=\"bp-2-item\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u2260 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (SiO\u2082) \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 SiCarbon+ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u2014 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n <p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061f\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u061f\u00bb<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table>\n <thead><tr><th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/th><th>\u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a<\/th><th>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628)<\/th><th>\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>PPF (\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605<\/td><td>7\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>$1,500\u2013$4,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>PPF (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605<\/td><td>7\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>$4,000\u2013$9,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 (TPU)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606<\/td><td>3\u20135 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>$2,500\u2013$6,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>2\u20135 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>1,000\u20133,000<\/td><td>\u26a0\ufe0f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 (PVC)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>1\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u26a0\ufe0f<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td><td>$1,500\u2013$4,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>3\u201312 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>80\u201395 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td><td>$20\u2013$100<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \"\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643\" \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/td><td>\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>4\u20138 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td><td>$10\u2013$50<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>3\u20136 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td><td>$15\u2013$80<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 1: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/strong> \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (PPF) \u2014 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u2014 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 2: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u063a\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0641\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u06485 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 3: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2014 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 4: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 2\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 3\u20134 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u2014 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 SiO\u2082 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 6\u201312 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u2014 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-3-scenarios bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polygon points=\"3 11 22 2 13 21 11 13 3 11\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 PPF. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <hr class=\"bp-3-divider\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect x=\"4\" y=\"2\" width=\"16\" height=\"20\" rx=\"2\" ry=\"2\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"6\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"10\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"14\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <hr class=\"bp-3-divider\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"M12 6v6l4 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <hr class=\"bp-3-divider\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 12V8H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h12v4\"\/><path d=\"M4 6v12c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14v-4\"\/><path d=\"M18 12a2 2 0 0 0-2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-4h-4z\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 SiO\u2082. \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-4-cta bd-reveal\">\n <span class=\"bp-4-text\">\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/span>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/contact\/\" class=\"bp-cta-btn\" target=\"_self\">\n \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\n <svg class=\"bp-cta-btn-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><line x1=\"5\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"19\" y2=\"12\"\/><polyline points=\"12 5 19 12 12 19\"\/><\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n <p>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (B2B)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n <p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 (ASTM G154\u060c UVA-340 \u0639\u0646\u062f 0.89 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b2\u00b7\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 (ASTM D882 \u2014 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 TPU \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 30 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 >200%)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 (ASTM D3330 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 0.3\u20130.6 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0645\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0645 (ASTM D1003 \u2014 \u226590% \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627).<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0640 PVC \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c TPU \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 (Lubrizol\u060c BASF\u060c Arkema) \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 (Ashland) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u2014 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 90 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0630\u0628.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n <p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-5-checklist bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-5-col\">\n <span class=\"bp-5-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 30%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 97%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 2\u20133 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-col\">\n <span class=\"bp-5-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u2014 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 2\u20133 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2192 \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30\u201390 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u2192 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647 \u2192 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 10\u201320 \u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 (OEM): \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643<\/h3>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064b \u2014 \u0641\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u061f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-6-steps bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">1<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<br>\u0645\u0646 2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-conn\"><div class=\"bp-6-conn-line\"><\/div><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">2<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629<br>30\u201390 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-conn\"><div class=\"bp-6-conn-line\"><\/div><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">3<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633<br>\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-conn\"><div class=\"bp-6-conn-line\"><\/div><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">4<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629<br>10\u201320 \u0644\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n <p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 2\u20133 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 (PPF) \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 2\u20133 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (SKU) \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u2014 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0643. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643.<\/p>\n <p>\u0623\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0643\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a: \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-7-cta bd-reveal\">\n <svg class=\"bp-cta-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 16V8a2 2 0 0 0-1-1.73l-7-4a2 2 0 0 0-2 0l-7 4A2 2 0 0 0 3 8v8a2 2 0 0 0 1 1.73l7 4a2 2 0 0 0 2 0l7-4A2 2 0 0 0 21 16z\"\/><polyline points=\"3.27 6.96 12 12.01 20.73 6.96\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"22.08\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"12\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-cta-title\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643<\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-cta-sub\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643.<\/span>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/contact\/\" class=\"bp-cta-btn\" target=\"_self\">\n \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\n <svg class=\"bp-cta-btn-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><line x1=\"5\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"19\" y2=\"12\"\/><polyline points=\"12 5 19 12 12 19\"\/><\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2 id=\"references\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2>\n <ol>\n <li>Infinita Lab. \u00ab\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 ASTM G154\u00bb. 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitalab.com\/blog\/astm-g154-uv-exposure-procedure-guide\/\">https:\/\/infinitalab.com\/blog\/astm-g154-uv-exposure-procedure-guide\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>KPAL Automotive. \u00ab\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648TPU \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 (PPF)\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/What-is-The-Difference-Between-Aliphatic-TPU-and-Aromatic-TPU-PPF-Car-Wrap\/\">https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/…<\/a><\/li>\n <li>KPAL Automotive. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 (PPF)\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/Analysis-of-TPU-Selection-for-Paint-Protection-Film\/\">https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/…<\/a><\/li>\n <li>KPAL Automotive. \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u061f\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/Why-Do-Paint-Protection-Films-Yellow\/\">https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/…<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Alibaba.com. \u00ab\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a PPF \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (B2B)\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alibaba.com\/price-comparison\/ppf-supplier\">https:\/\/www.alibaba.com\/price-comparison\/ppf-supplier<\/a><\/li>\n <li>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0632. \u00ab\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/dupotopfilms.com\/clear-vs-color-ppf-inventory-guide\/\">https:\/\/dupotopfilms.com\/clear-vs-color-ppf-inventory-guide\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>FlexiPPF. \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 (OEM) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/oem\/\">https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/oem\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>FlexiPPF. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/contact\/\">https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/contact\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>FlexiPPF. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\">https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body><\/html>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: PPF\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u2014 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Car Paint Protection Products Explained: PPF, Ceramic, Wraps & More \u2014 Which One Fits Your Business?","_seopress_titles_desc":"Understand the technical differences between PPF, ceramic coatings, and vinyl wraps. Learn how to verify TPU quality, manufacturing standards, and film performance.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5978","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mml-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5978"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5978\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5981,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5978\/revisions\/5981"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5978"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5978"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":5978,"date":"2026-07-02T16:25:02","date_gmt":"2026-07-02T08:25:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/?p=5978"},"modified":"2026-07-02T16:25:04","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T08:25:04","slug":"car-paint-protection-products","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/car-paint-protection-products\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: PPF\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u2014 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n \n \n \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 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flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; box-shadow: var(--shadow-card); }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-row { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-icon-wrap { width: 22px; height: 22px; flex-shrink: 0; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-icon-wrap svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-text { font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-card-primary); line-height: 1.5; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-text strong { color: var(--text-card-accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-divider { height: 1px; background: var(--card-border); margin: 0; border: none; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-4: CTA Mid (horizontal flex) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta { background: var(--inverse-bg); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-4-text { color: var(--text-inverse-primary); font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.5; flex: 1; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; background: var(--accent); color: #FFFFFF; font-weight: 500; font-size: 15px; padding: 10px 24px; border-radius: var(--radius-pill); text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0; transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover { color: #1A1A1A; background: #FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn-icon { width: 18px; height: 18px; flex-shrink: 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-7: CTA End (centered column) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta { background: var(--inverse-bg); border-radius: var(--radius-card); padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; gap: 12px; }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-icon { width: 28px; height: 28px; 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#1A1A1A;\n --card-fill: #252525;\n --card-border: #3A3A3A;\n --text-primary: #E8E8E8;\n --text-secondary: #999999;\n --text-accent: #EA5514;\n --text-card-primary: #E8E8E8;\n --text-card-secondary: #999999;\n --text-card-accent: #EA5514;\n --table-stripe: #222222;\n --table-border: #333333;\n --code-bg: #2A2A2A;\n --shadow-card: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.20);\n --shadow-lift: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.30);\n --connector-line: #555555;\n --dm-link: #FF8A5A;\n }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { color: var(--dm-link); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a:hover { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-num { background: #3A3A3A; }\n .bd-post .bp-6-steps .bp-6-num:first-child { background: var(--accent); }\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta { border: 1px solid #3A3A3A; }\n .bd-post .bp-4-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover,\n .bd-post .bp-7-cta .bp-cta-btn:hover { color: #FFFFFF; background: var(--accent); box-shadow: none; }\n .bd-post th { border: 1px solid #3A3A3A; }\n .bd-post .bp-3-scenarios .bp-3-text strong { color: var(--accent); }\n }\n <\/style>\n <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n <h1><\/h1>\n\n <p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u2014 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0641. \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 <em>\u0648<\/em> \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n <p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n <p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a (PPF)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639\/\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642 (\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \/ PPF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629). \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF): \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/h3>\n <p>\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u2014 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 6 \u064810.5 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u2014 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064d \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF). \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 40 \u064850 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 7\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643.<\/p>\n <p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f PPF \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a 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\u0628\u0646\u062f \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0623. \u0641\u0623\u064a \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 <em>\u0643\u0645<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 3\u20134 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 1 \u06483 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u2014 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u2014 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <em>\u0648<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 (PPF) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 6 \u06488 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 <em>\u0648<\/em> \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647.<\/p>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 (PPF) \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 (\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 (PPF) \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 (PPF) \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u00ab\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"bd-reveal\" style=\"margin: 48px 0; border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: var(--radius-card); overflow: hidden; background: var(--card-fill);\">\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2026\u5e747\u67082\u65e5-16_16_50.webp\" alt=\"\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \" style=\"width: 100%; display: block;\">\n \n<\/figure>\n <p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 TPU: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/h3>\n <p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 PPF \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u2014 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a (TPU)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a HDI \u0623\u0648 H\u2081\u2082MDI\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a (TPU)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 MDI (\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0646 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 1\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a (TPU) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 QUV (ASTM G154)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-1-compare bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-col\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-header\">\n <svg class=\"bp-1-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M12 22s8-4 8-10V5l-8-3-8 3v7c0 6 8 10 8 10z\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-1-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643 TPU<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 QUV (ASTM G154). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-col\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-header\">\n <svg class=\"bp-1-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3Z\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"13\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"17\" x2=\"12.01\" y2=\"17\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-1-label\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"bp-1-desc\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 1\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631-\u0628\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 TPH (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 3 \u06485 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 PVC \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1 \u06483 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n <p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c TPU \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a Lubrizol (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648BASF (\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0648Arkema (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627). \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM G154 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u2014 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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d: \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u2265100\u00b0 \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 QUV \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n <p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u2014 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\"\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 9H \u2014 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643.\"<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 9H \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 (ASTM D3363). \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 9H \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 9 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642). \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\"\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.\"<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 SiO\u2082 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 80% \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631) \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 SiO\u2082 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u064820%) \u0641\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 SiO\u2082 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0634.\"<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634\u00bb \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-2-myths bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-2-header\">\n <svg class=\"bp-2-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"16\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"12\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"8\" x2=\"12.01\" y2=\"8\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-2-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <ul class=\"bp-2-list\">\n <li class=\"bp-2-item\">9H = \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0634\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n <li class=\"bp-2-item\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n <li class=\"bp-2-item\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u2260 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (SiO\u2082) \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 SiCarbon+ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u2014 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n <p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061f\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u061f\u00bb<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table>\n <thead><tr><th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/th><th>\u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a<\/th><th>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628)<\/th><th>\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>PPF (\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605<\/td><td>7\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>$1,500\u2013$4,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>PPF (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605<\/td><td>7\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>$4,000\u2013$9,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 (TPU)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606<\/td><td>3\u20135 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>$2,500\u2013$6,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>2\u20135 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2265100\u00b0<\/td><td>1,000\u20133,000<\/td><td>\u26a0\ufe0f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 (PVC)<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>1\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u26a0\ufe0f<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td><td>$1,500\u2013$4,000<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>3\u201312 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>80\u201395 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td><td>$20\u2013$100<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \"\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643\" \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/td><td>\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>4\u20138 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td><td>$10\u2013$50<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606<\/td><td>3\u20136 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td><td>$15\u2013$80<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 1: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/strong> \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (PPF) \u2014 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u2014 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 2: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u063a\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0641\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u06485 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 3: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2014 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629: \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 4: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 2\u20133 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 3\u20134 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u2014 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 SiO\u2082 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 6\u201312 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u2014 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-3-scenarios bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polygon points=\"3 11 22 2 13 21 11 13 3 11\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 PPF. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <hr class=\"bp-3-divider\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect x=\"4\" y=\"2\" width=\"16\" height=\"20\" rx=\"2\" ry=\"2\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"6\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"10\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"14\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <hr class=\"bp-3-divider\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"M12 6v6l4 2\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <hr class=\"bp-3-divider\">\n <div class=\"bp-3-row\">\n <span class=\"bp-3-icon-wrap\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 12V8H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h12v4\"\/><path d=\"M4 6v12c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14v-4\"\/><path d=\"M18 12a2 2 0 0 0-2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-4h-4z\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-3-text\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 SiO\u2082. \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c.<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-4-cta bd-reveal\">\n <span class=\"bp-4-text\">\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/span>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/contact\/\" class=\"bp-cta-btn\" target=\"_self\">\n \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\n <svg class=\"bp-cta-btn-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><line x1=\"5\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"19\" y2=\"12\"\/><polyline points=\"12 5 19 12 12 19\"\/><\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n <p>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2014 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (B2B)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n <p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 (ASTM G154\u060c UVA-340 \u0639\u0646\u062f 0.89 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645\u00b2\u00b7\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 (ASTM D882 \u2014 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 TPU \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 30 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 >200%)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 (ASTM D3330 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 0.3\u20130.6 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0645\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0645 (ASTM D1003 \u2014 \u226590% \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627).<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (PVC) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0640 PVC \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n <p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c TPU \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 (Lubrizol\u060c BASF\u060c Arkema) \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 (Ashland) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642.<\/p>\n <p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u2014 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 90 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0630\u0628.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n <p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-5-checklist bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-5-col\">\n <span class=\"bp-5-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 30%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 97%<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><span>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 2\u20133 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-col\">\n <span class=\"bp-5-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u2014 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30% \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-5-item\"><svg class=\"bp-5-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"15\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"9\" y2=\"15\"\/><line x1=\"9\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"15\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg><span>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 2\u20133 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2192 \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30\u201390 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u2192 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647 \u2192 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 10\u201320 \u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n <h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 (OEM): \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643<\/h3>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n <p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (PPF) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064b \u2014 \u0641\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u061f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-6-steps bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">1<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<br>\u0645\u0646 2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-conn\"><div class=\"bp-6-conn-line\"><\/div><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">2<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629<br>30\u201390 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-conn\"><div class=\"bp-6-conn-line\"><\/div><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">3<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633<br>\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/span><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-conn\"><div class=\"bp-6-conn-line\"><\/div><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-6-item\"><div class=\"bp-6-num\">4<\/div><span class=\"bp-6-label\">\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629<br>10\u201320 \u0644\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2 class=\"bd-reveal\">\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n <p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 2\u20133 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 (PPF) \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 PPF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 2\u20133 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (SKU) \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u2014 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642.<\/p>\n <p><strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0643. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643.<\/p>\n <p>\u0623\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0643\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a: \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-7-cta bd-reveal\">\n <svg class=\"bp-cta-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 16V8a2 2 0 0 0-1-1.73l-7-4a2 2 0 0 0-2 0l-7 4A2 2 0 0 0 3 8v8a2 2 0 0 0 1 1.73l7 4a2 2 0 0 0 2 0l7-4A2 2 0 0 0 21 16z\"\/><polyline points=\"3.27 6.96 12 12.01 20.73 6.96\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"22.08\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"12\"\/><\/svg>\n <span class=\"bp-cta-title\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643<\/span>\n <span class=\"bp-cta-sub\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643.<\/span>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/contact\/\" class=\"bp-cta-btn\" target=\"_self\">\n \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\n <svg class=\"bp-cta-btn-icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><line x1=\"5\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"19\" y2=\"12\"\/><polyline points=\"12 5 19 12 12 19\"\/><\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <h2 id=\"references\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2>\n <ol>\n <li>Infinita Lab. \u00ab\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 ASTM G154\u00bb. 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitalab.com\/blog\/astm-g154-uv-exposure-procedure-guide\/\">https:\/\/infinitalab.com\/blog\/astm-g154-uv-exposure-procedure-guide\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>KPAL Automotive. \u00ab\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648TPU \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 (PPF)\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/What-is-The-Difference-Between-Aliphatic-TPU-and-Aromatic-TPU-PPF-Car-Wrap\/\">https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/…<\/a><\/li>\n <li>KPAL Automotive. \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 TPU \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 (PPF)\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/Analysis-of-TPU-Selection-for-Paint-Protection-Film\/\">https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/…<\/a><\/li>\n <li>KPAL Automotive. \u00ab\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u061f\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/Why-Do-Paint-Protection-Films-Yellow\/\">https:\/\/www.kpalautomotive.com\/blog\/…<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Alibaba.com. \u00ab\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a PPF \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (B2B)\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alibaba.com\/price-comparison\/ppf-supplier\">https:\/\/www.alibaba.com\/price-comparison\/ppf-supplier<\/a><\/li>\n <li>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0632. \u00ab\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646\u00bb. <a href=\"https:\/\/dupotopfilms.com\/clear-vs-color-ppf-inventory-guide\/\">https:\/\/dupotopfilms.com\/clear-vs-color-ppf-inventory-guide\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>FlexiPPF. \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 (OEM) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/oem\/\">https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/oem\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>FlexiPPF. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/contact\/\">https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/contact\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>FlexiPPF. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\">https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body><\/html>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: PPF\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u2014 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Car Paint Protection Products Explained: PPF, Ceramic, Wraps & More \u2014 Which One Fits Your Business?","_seopress_titles_desc":"Understand the technical differences between PPF, ceramic coatings, and vinyl wraps. Learn how to verify TPU quality, manufacturing standards, and film performance.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5978","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mml-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5978"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5978\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5981,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5978\/revisions\/5981"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5978"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5978"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.flexippf.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}